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73  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14560 

(716)  S73-4503 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notat  tachniquas  at  bibliographiquas 

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tha  usual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chackad  balow. 

L'Institut  a  microfiimi  la  meilleur  exemplaire 
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da  cat  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
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aont  indiqute  ci-d«ssous. 

1    Coiourad  covars/ 
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Coloured  pages/ 
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1   Covars  damagad/ 
1    Couvartura  andommagia 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagAas 

1   Covars  rastorad  and/or  laminatad/ 
— 1   Couvartura  rastaurAa  at/ou  paiiicui^a 

y 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurias  et/ou  pellicul6es 

1   Covar  titia  missing/ 
La  titra  da  couvartura  manqua 

/ 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
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1    Coiourad  ink  (i.a.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encrs  da  coulecr  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

1 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Coloured  plates  and/or  iliustrationa/ 
— 1    Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Quality  of  print  v&ries/ 
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~n    Bound  with  other  material/ 
-     ReliA  avac  d'autras  documents 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  material  supplAmentaira 

ry\    Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 


D 


D 


filorg  interior  margin/ 

La  retiu.e  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 

distortion  le  long  de  ia  marge  intArieure 

Blank  leaves  addt^d  during  restoration  may 
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have  been  omiriced  from  filming/ 
II  S8  peut  que  certainas  pages  blanches  ajout^as 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissant  dans  le  texte, 
mais.  lorsqua  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
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Additional  comments:/ 
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D 
D 


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Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
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This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  da  reduction  indlquA  ci-dassous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

jL 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  fhe  Public 
Archives  of  Canada 


L'exemplaire  filmi  fut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
gAnirositA  de: 

La  bibllothdque  des  Archives 
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shall  contain  the  symbol  --»>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Les  images  suivante^  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
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conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimte  sont  film6s  nn  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  emfjreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'iliustration,  soit  par  le  second 
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premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminar.t  par 
ia  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  eymboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  lu 
dernlAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  -^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  m  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartas,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
filmte  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  c!!ch6,  il  est  filmi  4  partir 
de  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  has,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n6cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mithode. 


1  2  3 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

! 


Co 


Tlie 
Btates 
to  bo  1 
contro 
opposi 
differe 
and  ai 
of  one 
ture  o 
appre 


Btate 
tial  I 
when 
con 
rom 
bad, 
once 
hard 


From   the  NEW    YORK    INDEPENDENT. 


THE 


Conflict  in  Canada, 


IMAN. 


By    ERASTUS 
^ 

Tlie  struggle  iii  Canada  for  Reciprocity  with  the  United 
States  is  contusing*.  .\  general  Parliamentary  election  is 
to  be  held  within  three  weeks,  and  both  Tf>ries,  who  now 
control  the  Goverinnent,  and  the  Liberals,  who  are  now  in 
opposition,  are  advocating  Reciprocity.  But  there  is  a  wide 
difference  in  the  kind  of  Reciprocity  that  each  advocates; 
and  as  the  consecpiences  that  will  flow  from  the  victory 
bf  one  or  other  of  these  parties  will  greatly  affect  the  fu- 
ture of  these  [Jnited  States,  it  is  most  important  to  clearly 
api)rehend  the  points  in  the  impending  struggle. 

First,  then,  the  Tory  pur ty  appear  to  webwi  partial  lie^oS- 
j)rocity.  'Hiey  apijear  to  want  that  boon  from  the  United 
Btates  at  this  moment,  but  their  sincerity,  even  for  par- 
tial Reciprocity,  may  well  be  doubted.^ For  instance, 
when  the  present  policy  of  high  x>rotection  was  adopted 
— commonly  known  as  the  National  Poli(iy— the  fact  was 
promulgated  that  as  Reciprocity  in  Trade  could  not  be 
had,  the  party  would  have  Reciprocity  in  Tariffs.  But 
once  having  iaunched  into  fhe  tariff  sea  itio  extremely 
hard  to  get  ashore    ^^Luterests^  of  vital  character    are 


m 


created  by  this  twist  in  the  ttixatioii  of  thing's;  produc- 
tion  is   encouraged   and   stimulated,  and   a   reversal  ot 
policy  uieans  rniii  to  the  ])arty  iu  i)ower.     This  is  espe 
eially  so,  if  ihe  party  in  power  depends  upon  a  corruption 
fund  derived  from  the  interests  thus  created  and  stimu 
lated,  for  a  practical  partnersliip  is  made  between  the  in 
dividuals  who  protit  by  taxation,  and  the  Government  thai 
imposes  it,  of  both  of  whom  the  peo])le  are  the  victims. 

8uch  is  the  conditi<m  of  thin^j^s  in  Canada,  and  any 
change  in  policy  looking  to  Keciprocity,  even  in  natural 
products,  is  extremely  inconsistent  with  the  previou.^ 
policy  of  the  Government.  It  is  inconsistent  because, 
while  the  manufacturer  gets  all  the  benefit  of  taxation, 
the  proposal  is  that  the  farmer  shall  have  none  at  all. 
lie  appears  to  need  it  about  as  much  as  the  manuftic 
turer,  and  whether  he  needs  it  or  not,  he  thinks  he  does. 
The  changing  character  of  soils  on  this  continent,  the  ex 
haustion  of  lands,  and,  above  all,  the  improvements  in 
the  means  of  communicaticm,  m.ake  it  possible,  and  to 
some  extent  necessary,  that  even  agricultural  communi- 
ties now  largely  exchange  their  products.  Hence,  i)ros- 
perous  agricultural  States  become  large  importers  of  farm 
products  from  other  hirge  agricultural  communities,  and 
the  exchange  is  beneficial  and  i)rohtable.  So  it  is  with 
Canada.  She  has  become  a  very  considerable  consumer 
of  many  agricultural  products  produced  in  the  West  and 
South,  which  she  cannot  as  profitably  grow  within  lier 
own  borders.  To  admit  corn,  tobacco,  pork,  flour,  and 
other  articles  free  of  duty,  wiiile  taxing  the  farmer  for 
the  benefit  of  the  maiuifac turer,  is  apparently  unjust. 
If  carried  to  its  logical  conclusion,  protection  must  pro- 
tect all  classes,  else  it  is  legalized  robbery  of  one  class  for 
the  benefit  of  the  other.    So  that  Keciprocity  in  natural 


3 


j)r()(lacts,  whieli  involves  the  Oanadiiui  farnier  in  heav^y 
taxation  to  the  manufacturer,  and  ])ermits  his  American 
competitor  to  undersell  him  in  supplying  the  artisans 
w  ho  are  employed,  with  the  formers'  money,  is  so  unjust 
tliat  the  most  obtuse  will  see  that  there  is  no  real  sin- 
cerity in  this  movement. 

But,  ^'hile  this  in  theory  is  true,  in  practice  also  the 
Tory  party  have  been  most  pronounced  in  their  hostility 
to  Reciprocity.  For  instance,  there  was  a  clause  in  their 
tirst  high  tariff  act  enumerating  certain  articles  of  natural 
]>roduce,  which  shoukl  be  admitted  into  ('anada  fr(M% 
wlienever  the  United  States  declared  thetu  aJso  free. 
Well,  one  of  these  articles  was  the  blessed  article  of  fruit. 
Phe  Uiuted  States  did  make  fresh  fruit  free,  and  Canada, 
under  the  statutory  offer,  was  compelled  most  reluctantly 
M)  follow  suit.  For  a  time  under  this  freedom  there  was 
:i  perfect  exchange  of  this  gift  of  God,  in  which  there  is 
iKi  visible  wsign  of  pauper  labor.  The  magnificent  apples 
«>r  Ontario  and  Nova  Scotia  came '  iu  freely  to  cool  the 
[)arched  throats  of  thci  artisans  of  New  York  and  New 
K n gland ;  while  equally,  the  early  strawberries  of  the 
Houth,  tl I e  oranges  and  bananas  of  Florida,  found  a 
1  eudy  market,  and  were  in  gnnvt  demand  in  (Jana<la.  But 
this'  freedom  was  too  much  for  the  politician.  The  berries 
competed  late  in  the  seascm  with  the  loc^al  berries,  and 
tlie  pressure  was  put  on  the  ('anadian  government  to  tax 
rVuit,  which,  to  its  disgrace,  it  did.  So  with  seeds,  trees 
and  shrubs,  of  which  there  was  an  enormous  exchange,, 
(►ne  Ilochester  firm  having  no  less  than  four  hundred 
agents  in  Canada.  One  by  one  the  articles  included  in 
the  tariff  offer  for  reciprocal  exchange  was  taken  off; 
until  the  whole  hst  disappeared,  and  nothing  that  would  ' 
bear  taxation,  but  was  taxed ► 


With  such  a  record  what  sincerity  is  there  in  the  do- 
inaiid  now  ninde  by  the  Tory  goverinnent  for  Eeciprociiy 
even  in  natural  pnxlncts^  None  Avliatever.^Tlie  der.iand 
for  iKirtial  llecii)rocity'with  the  United  States  by  the 
Tory  party,  now  seeking*  re-election  in  Canada,  is  for  the 
I)nrpose  of  contusing' the  ehn'tors  and  the  peojih?  on  tliis 
side  of  the  border.  Every  one  knows,  vviio  is  at  all 
familiar  with  the  sal)ject,  that  partial  lie(tij)rocity  as  be- 
tween (^^anada  and  the  United  States  is.  an  ini|>ossibility. 
True.  su(5h  an  arrang'ement  existed  from  1855  to  1800, 
but  it  was  repealed  because  it  was  unfair  to  the  Iliuted 
States.  If  it  was  unfair  in  1800,  when  nianutactures  were 
in  their  intancy,  as  c()mj)ai'ed  Avitli  what  they  now  are, 
how  impossible  would  it  be  to  rc^new  such  a  treaty  at  the 
present  moment,  when  the  country  has  become  the  greatest 
manufacturing  nation  in  the  world.  The  need  of  a  market 
for  these  manufactures  is  the  basis  of  the  demand  for 
Reciprocity.  Shut  out  the  manufactures  from  th^  market 
l^roposed  to  be  opentid,  and  the  demand  for  Reciprocit} 
ceases  completely  and  utterly.  An  exciiange  of  natura^ 
inoducts  without  let  or  hindrance  would  no  doubt  bf  a 
good  thing  :  but  it  would  be  unjust  to  the  manufac^turers 
and  to  the  farmings  in  the  Unitetl  States.  The  articles  of 
natural  products  which  Canada  sends  to  this  side  are 
numerous,  such  as  small  fruits,  vegetables,  egi!:^j  i)Oultry, 
lambs,  calves,  potatoes,  barley,  oats,  hay,  horses,  cattle, 
&c.  Not  one  of  these  articles  would  go  back  in  exchange, 
aud  if  manufactured  goods  of  ilie  United  States  could 
not  be  sent  ill  *p  ay  men  t  for  them,  money  would  have  to 
be  sent,  and  wliere  money  is  sent  there  is  no  Recii)rocity. 
True,  coal,  cotton,  some  Hour,  and  some  pork,  woi  d  go 
back  into  Canada,  but  these  would  have  no  comx)arison 
with  the  coal  that  'New  England  and  the  Pacific  States 


would  take  from  Nova  Scotia  on  the  iVtlaiiMc,  and  Irora 
British  ('olumbii?*  on  the  Pacific,  tV)r  ('aiiada  is  tlie  only 
(Mnintry  that  possesses  coal  on  both  oceans.  Nor  would 
those  artichis  from  the  United  States  be  at  all  comparable 
witli  the  lumber,  and  especially  with  free  ores  that  Canada 
w  ould  soon  exj>ort  to  this  fre(^  market  in  enormous  quau- 
tities,  for  she  is  the  richest  mineral  country  in  the  world. 
There  would,  therefore,  bj^  no  fairness  hi  the  proposal  lor 
part  Reciprocity,  or  Ke(^ii)rocity  in  natural,  or  even 
(Mnimerated  products,  as  i)roposed  by  the  Tory  party. 

There  is  not  the  sliglitest  disposition   anywhere  in  the 
United   States  to  encourage  this  kind  of  jug-handled 
Reciprocity.     Indeed,    there    is    such    a    singular    and 
universal  unanimity  in  this  respect,  that  one  feels  like 
apologizing"  for  discussing  it  at  this  length,  excei)t  that 
the  hopelessness  of  it  shows  the  utter  insincerity  of  the 
Tory  party  in  proposing  it.    They  are  using  the  proposal 
to  confuse  the  Canadian  farmer,  stealing  the  thunder  of 
the  Liberal  party,  and  thereby  hoping  to  win  their  re- 
election on  false  pretences.    The  struggle  has  been  sprung 
upon  the  (Canadian  people  suddenly,  Avith  only  a  brief 
period  in  whi(^h  to  decide,  and  this  attenjpt  to  confuse 
and  defraud  the  liiberats  of  their  project  is  worthy  of  tlie 
tactics  that  the  Tory  party  usually  employ  to  carry  their 
point.     A  few  weeks  will  show  whether  a  trick  so  disre- 
putable will  succeed  or  not.     If  it  dtKjs  succeed,  it  will  be 
at  terrible  cost.     For  no  favorable  residt  in  the  shape  of 
Reciprocity  will  follbw;  there  will  be  grie^us  disappoint- 
ment on  the  part  of  the  Canadian  flirmer^vho,  instead  of  - 
having  a  free  market  on  this  side  of  the  border,  will  cou- 
tiiuie  to  be  confronted,  for  years  t^  come,  with  the  severe 
exactions  of  the  McKinley   bill,,  which  measure  aifeets 
Cana<la  more  grievously,  and  more  injuriously,  thao  any 

A 


i 


6 


otlitr  country.  'I  he  dospcrato  conilitiou  of  the  Tori(is  is 
sliowii  in  the  treniendous  risks  they  riin,uu(l  at  wliat  coat 
they  put  o1!*  tlie  (hiy  of  reekoninj^. 

Now,  having  set  forth  the  peculiarities  of  partijil  Keci- 

l)rocity,  whi(;li  tlie  Tory  party  in  Canada  are  insincerely 

l>roposini;:f,  it  is  proper  to  set  forth  tlie  pro])osal  of  the 

Liberal  party,  viz.,    Unrestricted   lieciprocity,  Avhi<;h  is 

iiotliini;  if  not  sinccreyilnrestricted  Recii)rocity  between 

he  United  States  autl  Canada  wojild  be  practically  the  | 

same  kind  of  Keciprocity  that  now  exists  between  the 

States  of  the  Union,  and  between  the  Provinces  of  the 

Doniiniou.     Theje  would  be  no  taxation,  no  restriction, 

no  let  or  hindrance  to  the  freest  and  luUest  exchange  of 

everything    eiwjji  country  produces,  whether  natural  or 

manufactured.#iyrue,  it  is  proposed  to  keep  up  the  custom 

Miouses  along  the  border,  in  order  that  smuggling  from 

/outside  should  not.be  permitted,   and   especially  that 

/  Canada  should  not  be  the  back  door  by  which  foreign 

/   goods  could  be  brought  into  tlieX^nitedTStates  free  of  duty. 

r   But  the  tu rill:'  of  Canada  must  necessarily  be  as  high  ^i^ 

I     that  of  this  country,  against  the  outside  v^orld,  for  by  the 

J     free   admission  of    American  goods  (even  now  with  a 

heii^y  duty,  now  half  her  imports),  her  revenues  from 

(fustoms  would  be  so  reduced  that  as  agains^  foreign^ 

goods  the  rates^must  continue  fully  as  high  as  those  in  j 

the  tinited  States.     Indeed,  the  condition  of  equality  of  I 

tmff's  mugt  alwajis  pri^vaiL  else  there  would  be  no  safety  " 

for  the  revenues'of  eitheFcountry.  • 

But  aside  from  this  taritt,  as  against  the  rest  of  the 
world,  there  will,  under  Unrestricted  Eeciprocity,  be  to 
trade  no  impediment  whatever  on  the  whole  continent  of 
North  America.  Practically,  the  ci'.stoms  line  that  now 
cuts  the  continent  in  two  will  be  lifted  up,  and  idaced 


I  iiilit  arouTnl  the  continent.     The  result  will  be  that  ccm- 
iiM'i'ce  will  be  as  free  over  the  whole  continent  as  it  is  now  i 

(in  either  half  of  it,  and  that  the  benetieial  iufluen<*es 
wliieh  hav(^  flowed  from  tlie  extension  of  the  American 
system  of  protection  over  iialf  the  continent,  will  th)W 
l.om  its  extension  over  the  whole  of  it;  while  the  benciiita 
ithat  have  Howed  fi'om  perfect  free  trade  between  the 
j;reat  commonwealths  tiiat  make  uj)  the  Union,  will  flow 
[tVom  a  similar  extension  to  proportions  that  will  be  eon- 
It  inental  in  extent  and  continental  in  protit. 

What  one  event  in  all  events  possible  to  occur  to  the 

luited  States  could  be  so  beneficial  as  this  1  It  is  difficult 

[to  t'rnimerate  any  series  of  circumstances  at  all  likely  to 

|ljai)pen,  and  so  easily  to  be  brought  about,  as  would  re- 

[Hult  from  the  obliteration  of  the  barrier  between  the  Eng- 

jli  :h  speaking  i)eople  who  hold  this  continent  in  common. 

All  enormous  area  would  thereby  be  opened  to  develo])- 

inent,  which  is  now  mostly  silent,  and  dormant  and  dead. 

I liis  development  in  wheat-producinji;  force,  for  instance, 

lias  x)ossibilities  far  greater  than   those  of' the  United 

Uates.    These  areas  can  be  filled  by  European  immigra- 

[iori   brought  through  the   United   States,  who  in  turn 

would  be  customers  consuming  everything  the  United 

l^futes  and  (.'anada  have  to  sell. '*A  The  wheat  areas  of  the/ 

orthwest,  beyond  the  Minnesota  line,  are  one  thousand 

niles  squai'eT'and  are  (capable  of  sustaiiUng  a  population  ("lyirx 

glial  to  that  of  the  United  States  itself.    Here  is  the  x^^ 

jTcat  future  granary  of  theworld,  and  here  for,  a  century ^ 

to_conie,  without  exhaustion,  without  fertilization,  will 
the  future  food  supply  of  this  continent  be  found.  Would 
t  not  be  jell  that  to  this  vast  _;^ovision  of  Providence 
ror^thejood-  of  mankind^  the  United_States  sliould  have 
Lu  access,  so  that  as  it  grows  with  a  market  affbrdedHby 


8 


tbo  outlets  of  transnortation,   by  enterprise   and   occn 
|»aiiey,  tl'.e  same  relative  a(l\  ;inta;yes  should   flow  to  tlu: 
maiini'aet^uririL''  i'onniiimitv  of  lIajs   coirntrv.  as  <li(I  eoiae 
Ironi   the  developineiit  of  Wiseoiisin,  of  Miniiesotn,  and 
the  Northern  and  >V'e8tein  ^noup  of  States.%^ 
^^S(*  also  in  the  vast  tiiihin^'  wealth  of  the  A tl untie,  and 
Undson^s  I>ay^  and  the  l*a<if»eJjM_latter _w itli  its  three 
thousand  niiTes  of  eoast  line)^  as  in  the  great  inland  water 
stretelnvs  of  Canada,  whieh  eonntry  eoniprises  more  than 
(Tne  naif  ilTe  fresh  water  of  the  ^lohe.    The  limitless  tini 
Der  loresfsT'^ormous  deposits  of  iron,  silverj,  (^oppei;^ 
nTclTeL  nliT^spTiafesT  asbestos,   eoal   and   other  ni i neral s, 
fnaketlie  NorTiTern,  and  Greater  ]lalf()f  the  OontiiienE^lin 
asset  of  stupendous  value  to  the_[Jiute,d  Htates,  the  do 
"velopment  and  ji,rowth^f  whieh,  in  connect  ion  witlf  UTe 
(jTrirMTTmlsTnei^isdv^^ 

weaTFh,  progress,  and  tjrosperity  of  tlu?  Amerit^an  people 
than   any   other  eoutribution   }>088ible   from   any   other 

souree.4*'^  ~" 

Strange  it  is,  that  within  the  next  few  weeks  the  qiies 
tion  will  be  decided  whi<'h  poli(\y  sliall  prevail,  for  the 
tiiue  being.     Whether  the   policy   of  isolation,   of  com 
mereial  hostility  to  the  United  States,  of  slow  develop 
ment,  of  poverty  in  Canada,  and  practical  belligereiMtyl 
to  the  United  States  shall  obtain,  as  illustrated  by  the! 
♦Tory  party,  or  whether,  on  the  other  hand,  the  policy 
of  the  Liberal  party  shall  prevail,  which  means  a  com 
mereial  relation  between  the  two  conntri^s.  as  intiiivate  at^ 
it  is  possible  to  "lie— a  policy  that  will  include  in  its 
operation  the  settlement,  at  once,  of  every  difi'erence  be 
tween  the  two  people — the  freedom  of  the  fisheries,  an( 
all  their  possible  i)rivileges,  the  regulation  of  the  trans 
portation  problem,  the  eipiality  of  Anierican  shiDiiiuLg-an 


I 


9 


(  ,» iia(la'sj^rfuitj(Mni»lsjin(J^  iin<l.  nbovr  nil,  tlie 

rulmissT«J>n  to  all  the  in  a  ikets.  p_f  ihvj^  oitk  JV  ir  every 
iiiticie  of  inaiiiii'a<'t;ii(>  piodm  (m1   in    the    United   Htateg^ 
now,  and  for  all  time. 

'T)f  eourse7«oine  Mill  say  that  Aiiiiexation  would  be  a 
[ix'tter  plan  to  achieve  these  hi^h  results,  and  perhaps  it 
jwouhl  be,  but  Annexation  is  Just  now  aa  impossible  in. 
jcanada  as  partial  J{eeii>roeity  is  in  the  United  States. 
Not  in  this  j^^eneration  by  hostile  tariff's,  by   pra<*tieal 
isolation,  by  sei)arate  tiseal  ])olieies,  Avill  a  closer  ])olitical 
union  be  1>ron{4ht  al)Out.     Those  who  study  the  subject 
;('I,)sest,  those  who  have  the   best   and    nu)st  numerous 
sources  of  inlbrmation,   and  kin)W  most   intimately  the 
people  of  l)oth  sides  of  the  border,  l»elieye  that  Annexa- 
tion is  now  neitluT  desirable  nor  i)ossible.     They  further 
hclievc  that  to  discuss  it,  to  hope  tor  it,  to  ])lot  or  ])lan 
fur  it,  not  only  postpones  it,  but  is  a  waste  of  tim(%  a  loss 
(){'  op])ortunity,  indetiidtely  dc^ferring  a  relation  betwecMi 
tlic  two  countries  on  the  basis  of  an  Tfurestricted  lt<'ci- 
procity,  of  the  hi^^hest  advantage  to  both. 

The  most  signiticant  circumstance  in  the  struggle  now 
imi»cndingin  ('anada,  is  the  desire  to  be  free  from  liscal 
domination  oirthe  i)art  of  (Ireat  Britain.  The  Tories  set 
tin'  example  in  their  Nati(mal  Policy,  in  discriminating 
against  British  goods,  in  favor  of  Canadian  juanufactures, 
sjiutting  out  tlie  fornjcr  by  a  prohibitory  taritt',  and  pro- 
tecting the  latter  by  severe  class  legislation.  The  Lib- 
irals  now  propose  to  push  to  its  extreme  limit,  thelUjerfy 
tlnis  a<'liieved  by  the  lories,  and  will  agree,  w Idle  still 
<^^xTiTting   a  <luty  on  l^ritish   u'oods,  to  admit  "American 

-      -  I " ^r  I  oil  II -HIM ^11   INI  II      i»ii — — — 


jiia  nil  fact  u  res  into  (Uiiiada  tree  of  duty.  It  is  this  dis- 
cri  aiiuation  against  the  mother  country  that  so  moves  the 
Tory  party,  that  they  term  those  who  advocate  it,  as 


1^ 


traitors  and  rciie^ijules,  and  the  Loyalty  cry  is  bcinjj 
woiiu'd  for  all  it  is  woiMi  as  a.^ainst  the  Liberals.  The 
hollowness  of  a  patiiotisni  that  will  saeritiee  the  ('ana<lian 
fanner  for  the  ('ainidian  mannfacturer,  that  v/ ill  in  its 
turn  saeritiee  his  interest  for  the  benetit  of  the  I>ritish 
mannfacturer,  is  easily  seen  throujih. 

The  ])enalty  of  the  i;eo,niai)hieal  position  of  ('anada  is 
that  tiu»  Lnited  States  niark^^t  is  the  nearest  andJii^iit 
market.  To  enjoy  the  advantajiires  of  ti..^.t  nearest  and 
Hest  inarket,  a  market  in  return  must  be  titforded.  The 
])ri<'e  that  the  Canadian  farnuT,  tisherman,  miner,  lum 
berman,  and  shij)})er  must  pay  to  the  United  States  foi 
the  free  admission  into  its  mairiiifieout  preserve,  is  that 
an  (Mpially  free  admission  must  be  afforded  tor  all  nuiuu 
fa('turers,  and  all  ])ro<Lu'ts  of  the  I'nited  States,  into  the 
Ib'ifish  possc^ssions  in  North  Ameriini.  If  the  result  in  to 
shut  out  of  those  liritish  pt)ssessionfi,  eomprisiuj^"  fVu'ty 
percent,  of  th.e  lU'itish  Empire,  the  manufaeturers  of  the 
British  nati()n,  the  pemdty  nnist  be  submittiMl  to,  or  the 
trade  eann(>t  be  e.msummated. 

After  all,  it  is  a  eontliet  between  two  classes  of  ller 
Majesty's  subjects.  It  is  not  a  eontliet  of  nations,  or  a 
(piestion  of  l(H'<ilry  or  love  for  British  instituti(U)S,  or  Ihir 
Gracious  ."\bij6sty.  The  question  at  issne  is:  Hhall  the 
Canadian  faruier  and  his  ''<:'llovv  producers  be  sacriticeil  to 
the  British  mauufaeturer,  as  he  has  been  sacriticed  to  his 
Oaniulian  prototype  by  the  Tory  j)arty — or  shaJi  he  be  free 
to  do  as  lie  likes  with  his  own,  sellin<»'  in  the  dearest,  uear 
(vst  and  best  of  njarkets,  buyjn<i  in  tlu'  cheapest,  the  most 
varied,  and  the  likeli(\st  market  under  the  su«.  This  is 
the  point  to  be  decided,  and  the  whole  world  uuiy  with 
interest  V.  at  eh  the  strn^j;'le  that  involves  so  uuich,  that  is 
so  uefir  at  liaud,  and  in  which  pftyudice,  ignorauci ,  seuti 


u 


,„H,t.an<l  politinil  liypocrisy  i>lay  so  iin]>(>rtuiit  a  part 

,  ,  I  he  one  hand,  and  on  the  otlior  s<>  n.nrli  of  personal 

ttnvsl,    greater   lievelopment,   bioadetied   opportunity, 

,1  theVnture  o-rowth  of  half  a  continent  is  so  eoneerned. 

If  prayers  and  anxicms  tliou-lit*^  would  aeeoniplish  aiiy- 
Tlriu'S  if  uro-eney  and  importunity  at  the  door  of  Con- 
ivss  for  some  si-n  of  (^uuMira-ement  would  achieve  any 
nsult;  if  the  ixi^inl  wishes  of  tlie  vast  mass  of  the  Amer- 
iVan  people  wouhl  help  to  decide  the  verdict,  the  Tory 
ou'ty  Avould  l)e  releo-ated  to  the  shades  of  opposition,  and 
,he  "oreat  Liberal  party  would  stand  forth  as  the  sponsor 
M,r  a'uew  era  in  the  history  of  this  continent,  ^'  the  last 
oest  gift  of  Providence  to  mankind  ". 


\ 


\FAV  York,  February,  KSDl. 


